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Corona (Takemitsu)
''Corona'' is an experimental classical composition for pianist by Japanese composer Toru Takemitsu. It was finished in 1962.
== Composition ==
Takemitsu, who was a largely self-taught composer, was a composer that focuses most of his career (and especially his early works) on an impressionistic style that he would further develop as he gained artistic maturity. After coming back from studying Toshi Ichiyanagi, who had been learning with American avant-garde composer John Cage, he entered a period of what scholars have entitled the ''Cage shock''. In this period, Takemitsu became particularly fascinated with graphic scores, which are scores that reject any of the traits in traditional musical notation. In this way, traditional notation provided a way to discern and to identify compositions, as notes are merely a large set of rules by which a particular musical piece has to be performed. However, graphic scores allowed the performer more freedom, and each performer made each composition's performance unique and particular, as the performer alone must make important decision when attempting to understand and to realize the composition.
During this period, Takemitsu wrote four compositions with graphic scores, some of them in collaboration with Japanese artist Kōhei Sugiura. These compositions are ''Ring'', for Flute, Guitar and Lute (1961), ''Corona'', for pianist (1962), ''Corona II'', for a string orchestra (1962), and ''Arc'', for Strings (1963). Even though Takemitsu used traditional notation in ''Ring'', no traditional notation is found on ''Corona''.〔 This composition has received a catalogue number W32 by James Siddons.
The composition was first published by Éditions Salabert in the early 70s, but is now under obscurity. Its original publisher has withdrawn it, saying that its nature makes it impossible to reproduce. As conservative publishers tend to refuse to publish compositions that do not adhere to the traditional notation system and ''Corona'' can only rarely be found in libraries, it is also rarely released as a recording, as versions of the work vary very much from one version to another.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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